Kral Gogukcheon / 고국천왕
![[Resim: 9gogukcheon.jpg]](http://img4.imageshack.us/img4/3844/9gogukcheon.jpg)
Kral Gogukcheon (? – 197) Goguryeo’nun dokuzuncu hükümdari idi. 179 yilindan ölümüne kadar hükmetmistir.
Özgeçmisi ve Hükmü:
Gogukcheon, Goguryeo’nun sekizinci Krali Sindae’nin ikinci ogluydu. Agabeyi Go Balgi’nin (고발기) Veliaht Prens olmasina ragmen, 176 yilinda saray memurlarinin destegiyle onun yerine Veliaht Prens olmustur.
Gogukcheon 180 yilinda Jena-bu’dan U So’nun kizi Bayan U ile evlenmistir, bu daha çok ortak gücün birlestirilmesi idi. Bayan U esinin ölümünden sonra Gogukcheon’un kardesi ve ayni zamanda sonraki Kral Sansang ile yaptigi evliligi sayesinde Kraliçe kalmistir. Hükümdarligi sirasinda ana hanedanligin bölgelerine bes ‘bu’ larin, yani güçlü bölgesel kabilelerin isimleri verilmistir ve asillerin isyanlarina son verilmistir.
Gogukcheon 182 yilinda oglu Prens Gye-Su’yu Çinli Han Hanedanligiyla, Liadong valisinden aldigi istila gücü için savasmaya gönderir. Prens Gye-Su’nun orduyu durdurabilme imkani olmasina ragmen, Kral daha sonra ordusunun 184 yilinda Han güçlerini kovmasini saglamistir. Kral Gogukcheon 191 yilinda hükümdarlik çalisanlarinin seçimlerine yönelik bir sistem kullanmistir. Sonuç olarak Goguryeo’da yetenekli birçok insan kesfetmistir. Bunlardan en önemlisi basbakanlik mevkisine getirilen Eul Pal-So’dur.
Eski yazi Samguk Sagi, Gogukcheon’un 194 yilinda bir gün avciliga gittigini ve açliktan ölmek üzere olan bir halkin kasabasiyla karsilastigini söyler. Kasabalilardan birine kiyafetlerinden bazilarini ve yiyecek vermistir ve insanlarin açliginin onun sorumlulugu oldugunu düsünmüstür. Gogukcheon, kralligindaki çiftçilerin ve köylülerin yasamlarini düzeltmek için çalismistir.
Jindaebup:
Jindaebup, Gogukcheon tarafindan 194 yilinda çikarilan bir tahil borcu sistemidir. Bu sistem insanlarin Mart’tan Temmuza kadar tahil ödünç almalarini ve Ekimde geri vermelerini mümkünlestirmistir. Bu sistem Joseon Hanedanligi devrine kadar ‘Hwangok’ olarak sürdürülmüstür.
Ölümü ve Varisi:
Gogukcheon’un tahta çikisinin kardesten kardese geçen varislikten en büyük çocuga göre baba-ogul varisligine degisimi simgelemesine ragmen, varisi kardesi Sansang olmustur.
Gogukcheon’un ölümünden sonraki ismi gömüldügü yerden belirlenmistir, Gogukcheon-won (고국천원).
Çeviri: FiLiZz53; Kaynak: Wikipedia
ENGLISH:
King Gogukcheon of Goguryeo (? - 197) was the ninth monarch of Goguryeo. His reign was between r. 179 and 197.
Background and reign:
Gogukcheon was the second son of Goguryeo's eighth king, Sindae. Though his older brother, Go Balgi (고발기), was originally the crown prince, the court officials supported Gogukcheon, who was made crown prince in 176.
In 180, Gogukcheon married Lady U, the daughter of U So of the Jena-bu, further consolidating central power. Lady U remained queen after her husband's death due to her marriage with Gogukcheon's brother and subsequent king Sansang. During his reign, the names of five 'bu', or powerful regional clans, become names of districts of the central kingdom, and rebellions by the aristocracy were suppressed.
In 182, Gogukcheon sent his son, Prince Gye-Su to fight Han Dynasty China's invasion force of the governor of Liaodong. Though Prince Gye-Su was able to block the army, the king later directly led his armies to repel Han forces in 184. In 191, King Gogukcheon adopted a meritocratic system for selecting government officials. As a result, he discovered many talented people from all over Goguryeo, the greatest of them being Eul Pa-So, who was given the position of Prime Minister.
The ancient text Samguk Sagi says that Gogukcheon went hunting one day in 194 and encountered a starving village. He gave some of his clothes and food to one of the villagers, and felt that the starvation of his people was his responsibility. Gogukcheon worked to improve the lives of farmers and peasants in his kingdom.
Jindaebup:
Jindaebup is a grain loan system enacted by Gogukcheon in 194. This system allowed people to borrow grain from March to July and pay back in October. This system was maintained by the age of Joseon dynasty as "Hwangok".
Death and Succession:
Though Gogukcheon ascension signaled a change from fraternal succession to father-son succession by primogeniture (Yang, 1999, p. 15), he was succeeded by his brother Sansang. Gogukcheon's posthumous name was derived from his burial area, Gogukcheon-won (고국천원).
![[Resim: 9gogukcheon.jpg]](http://img4.imageshack.us/i/9gogukcheon.jpg/)
Kral Gogukcheon (? – 197) Goguryeo’nun dokuzuncu hükümdari idi. 179 yilindan ölümüne kadar hükmetmistir.
Özgeçmisi ve Hükmü:
Gogukcheon, Goguryeo’nun sekizinci Krali Sindae’nin ikinci ogluydu. Agabeyi Go Balgi’nin (고발기) Veliaht Prens olmasina ragmen, 176 yilinda saray memurlarinin destegiyle onun yerine Veliaht Prens olmustur.
Gogukcheon 180 yilinda Jena-bu’dan U So’nun kizi Bayan U ile evlenmistir, bu daha çok ortak gücün birlestirilmesi idi. Bayan U esinin ölümünden sonra Gogukcheon’un kardesi ve ayni zamanda sonraki Kral Sansang ile yaptigi evliligi sayesinde Kraliçe kalmistir. Hükümdarligi sirasinda ana hanedanligin bölgelerine bes ‘bu’ larin, yani güçlü bölgesel kabilelerin isimleri verilmistir ve asillerin isyanlarina son verilmistir.
Gogukcheon 182 yilinda oglu Prens Gye-Su’yu Çinli Han Hanedanligiyla, Liadong valisinden aldigi istila gücü için savasmaya gönderir. Prens Gye-Su’nun orduyu durdurabilme imkani olmasina ragmen, Kral daha sonra ordusunun 184 yilinda Han güçlerini kovmasini saglamistir. Kral Gogukcheon 191 yilinda hükümdarlik çalisanlarinin seçimlerine yönelik bir sistem kullanmistir. Sonuç olarak Goguryeo’da yetenekli birçok insan kesfetmistir. Bunlardan en önemlisi basbakanlik mevkisine getirilen Eul Pal-So’dur.
Eski yazi Samguk Sagi, Gogukcheon’un 194 yilinda bir gün avciliga gittigini ve açliktan ölmek üzere olan bir halkin kasabasiyla karsilastigini söyler. Kasabalilardan birine kiyafetlerinden bazilarini ve yiyecek vermistir ve insanlarin açliginin onun sorumlulugu oldugunu düsünmüstür. Gogukcheon, kralligindaki çiftçilerin ve köylülerin yasamlarini düzeltmek için çalismistir.
Jindaebup:
Jindaebup, Gogukcheon tarafindan 194 yilinda çikarilan bir tahil borcu sistemidir. Bu sistem insanlarin Mart’tan Temmuza kadar tahil ödünç almalarini ve Ekimde geri vermelerini mümkünlestirmistir. Bu sistem Joseon Hanedanligi devrine kadar ‘Hwangok’ olarak sürdürülmüstür.
Ölümü ve Varisi:
Gogukcheon’un tahta çikisinin kardesten kardese geçen varislikten en büyük çocuga göre baba-ogul varisligine degisimi simgelemesine ragmen, varisi kardesi Sansang olmustur.
Gogukcheon’un ölümünden sonraki ismi gömüldügü yerden belirlenmistir, Gogukcheon-won (고국천원).
Çeviri: FiLiZz53; Kaynak: Wikipedia
ENGLISH:
King Gogukcheon of Goguryeo (? - 197) was the ninth monarch of Goguryeo. His reign was between r. 179 and 197.
Background and reign:
Gogukcheon was the second son of Goguryeo's eighth king, Sindae. Though his older brother, Go Balgi (고발기), was originally the crown prince, the court officials supported Gogukcheon, who was made crown prince in 176.
In 180, Gogukcheon married Lady U, the daughter of U So of the Jena-bu, further consolidating central power. Lady U remained queen after her husband's death due to her marriage with Gogukcheon's brother and subsequent king Sansang. During his reign, the names of five 'bu', or powerful regional clans, become names of districts of the central kingdom, and rebellions by the aristocracy were suppressed.
In 182, Gogukcheon sent his son, Prince Gye-Su to fight Han Dynasty China's invasion force of the governor of Liaodong. Though Prince Gye-Su was able to block the army, the king later directly led his armies to repel Han forces in 184. In 191, King Gogukcheon adopted a meritocratic system for selecting government officials. As a result, he discovered many talented people from all over Goguryeo, the greatest of them being Eul Pa-So, who was given the position of Prime Minister.
The ancient text Samguk Sagi says that Gogukcheon went hunting one day in 194 and encountered a starving village. He gave some of his clothes and food to one of the villagers, and felt that the starvation of his people was his responsibility. Gogukcheon worked to improve the lives of farmers and peasants in his kingdom.
Jindaebup:
Jindaebup is a grain loan system enacted by Gogukcheon in 194. This system allowed people to borrow grain from March to July and pay back in October. This system was maintained by the age of Joseon dynasty as "Hwangok".
Death and Succession:
Though Gogukcheon ascension signaled a change from fraternal succession to father-son succession by primogeniture (Yang, 1999, p. 15), he was succeeded by his brother Sansang. Gogukcheon's posthumous name was derived from his burial area, Gogukcheon-won (고국천원).
When you feel you've lost it all
When you don't know who's your friend or foe
You wonder why you're so alone
Worry ends when faith begins.
